During this stage, contractions help to dilate, soften, and stretch the cervix to prepare for the baby's birth. For first-time mothers, this stage can last up to 13 hours, while for subsequent births, it may take around 7-8 hours longer.

The first stage is further divided into three phases:

This may necessitate additional procedures such as dilation and curettage to ensure complete removal of pregnancy tissue.
The cervix may dilate up to four centimeters during this phase.
Early labor can often be managed at home, but it's important to inform the doctor for guidance.

Contractions become stronger and more frequent, with a duration of about a minute.
Contractions occur every 3-4 minutes.
The cervix dilates by about 7 centimeters.
It is recommended to be in a medical facility during this stage, as the water may break and contractions intensify.

This is the most intense phase, as the cervix reaches its maximum dilation of about 10 centimeters.
When contractions lasting 45-60 seconds occur every 2-3 minutes.
This stage requires a lot of support and encouragement for the mother.

Second Stage: Pushing and Birth of the Child

Once the cervix is fully dilated, the second stage begins. The baby is pushed out headfirst through the birth canal, aided by the strong contractions. The mother is encouraged to push with each contraction until the baby is born. This stage may involve an episiotomy to enlarge the vaginal opening if necessary.

Third Stage: Delivery of the Placenta

After the baby is born, the placenta is delivered. This can happen within a few minutes to an hour after birth. Gentle massage of the lower abdomen can help facilitate the delivery of the placenta.

Fourth Stage: After delivery of the Placenta to 1st two hours

After the placenta is delivered, its very important to monitor the patient for PPH and other complications of birth.

Here are some reasons why natural childbirth is often preferred over other methods:

This is the most intense phase, as the cervix reaches its maximum dilation of about 10 centimeters.
When contractions lasting 45-60 seconds occur every 2-3 minutes.
This stage requires a lot of support and encouragement for the mother.

When to Visit the Hospital?

It's generally recommended to head to the hospital when your contractions are consistently 5 minutes apart, lasting about minimum 15-20 seconds each, and have been this way for at least an hour. Contractions that are weak and short may be early signs of labor, and during this time, resting at home and allowing your body to progress naturally can be beneficial for a vaginal delivery.

Normal delivery is considered safe for young, healthy women who have an active lifestyle, normal blood pressure, and a fetus in a well-positioned presentation. When these conditions are met, opting for a vaginal delivery is often a suitable choice.